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Source Attribution

This category encompasses research aimed at identifying the relative contribution of different sectors, activities, and entities to global climate change. It includes research on the respective contributions of national governments and private corporations to increases in global greenhouse gas concentrations (through both emissions and land use changes). It also includes research on the respective obligations of different entities to mitigate their contributions to climate change.

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Climate Damages to the U.S. Economy from U.S. Power Sector Emissions

June 2025
Justin S. Mankin, Alexander R. Gottlieb, Christopher W. Callahan
Dartmouth Climate Modeling & Impacts Group
This study uses peer-reviewed climate damage attribution methods to estimate that climate damages to the U.S. economy caused by the U.S. power sector totaled $78 billion between 1973-2023.Read More →

High-Income Groups Disproportionately Contribute to Climate Extremes Worldwide

May 2025
Sarah Schöngart, Zebedee Nicholls, Roman Hoffmann, Setu Pelz, Carl-Friedrich Schleussner
Nature Climate Change
This study finds that two-thirds of global warming is attributable to the GHG emissions of the wealthiest 10% of people. Read More →

Carbon majors and the scientific case for climate liability

April 2025
Christopher W. Callahan, Justin S. Mankin
Nature
This peer-reviewed article outlines a transparent, reproducible and flexible framework to formalize how end-to-end attribution could inform litigation by assessing whose emissions are responsible for which harms.Read More →

Estimating the Sea Level Rise Responsibility of Industrial Carbon Producers

March 2025
Shaina Sadai et al.
Environmental Research Letters
This study attributes up to 58% of surface air temperature rise and up to 37% of observed global mean sea level rise to the 122 largest fossil fuel and cement producers.Read More →

Attributing Global Impacts of Local Extremes to Climate Change for Improving Loss and Damage Estimates

March 2025
Camille J Mora et al.
Environmental Research Letters
This study addresses methodologies in attribution science to estimate loss and damages attributed to a climate change-driven extreme event.Read More →

IEA Methane Tracker Database

March 2024
IEA
IEA
This database presents the International Energy Agency's country-by-country estimates of energy-related methane emissions.Read More →

Critical Transitions in the Amazon Forest System

February 2024
Bernardo M. Flores, Encarni Montoya, Boris Sakschewski, Nathália Nascimento, Arie Staal, Richard A. Betts, Carolina Levis, David M. Lapola, Adriane Esquível-Muelbert, Catarina Jakovac, Carlos A. Nobre, Rafael S. Oliveira, Laura S. Borma, Da Nian, Niklas Boers, Susanna B. Hecht, Hans ter Steege, Julia Arieira, Isabella L. Lucas, Erika Berenguer, José A. Marengo, Luciana V. Gatti, Caio R. C. Mattos, Marina Hirota
Nature
This peer-reviewed study assesses five major drivers of water stress on Amazonian forests, and projects that, by 2050, 10% to 47% of Amazonian forests may face unexpected ecosystem transitions.Read More →

Revealed: The 1,200 Big Methane Leaks from Waste Dumps Trashing the Planet

February 2024
Damian Carrington, Seán Clarke
The Guardian
This investigative reporting project from The Guardian used satellite image analysis from the company Kayrros, documented a total of 1,256 methane "super-emitter" events between January 2019 and June 2023, linked to large landfills across the globe.Read More →

African Rice Cultivation Linked to Rising Methane

January 2024
Zichong Chen, Nicholas Balasus, Haipeng Lin, Hannah Nesser, Daniel J. Jacob
Nature Climate Change
In this peer-reviewed article, the authors assess methane emissions from rapidly increasing rice cultivation in Africa. The authors estimate that this source accounts for 7% of the current global rise in methane can be attributed to this source.Read More →

Climate warming and elevated CO2 alter peatland soil carbon sources and stability

November 2023
Nicholas O. E. Ofiti, Michael W. I. Schmidt, Samuel Abiven, Paul J. Hanson, Colleen M. Iversen, Rachel M. Wilson, Joel E. Kostka, Guido L. B. Wiesenberg, Avni Malhotra
Nature Communications
This peer-reviewed study examines the impact of warming and elevated atmospheric CO2 on the molecular composition of soil organic carbon. The authors' results indicate that climate change may destabilize carbon storage in peatlands.Read More →

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