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Real-time Study

This category encompasses real-time attribution analysis of extreme weather events as they happen around the world, such as the studies published by the World Weather Attribution (WWA) initiative. Such studies typically do not undergo peer review.

Climate Damages to the U.S. Economy from U.S. Transportation Emissions

September 2025
Justin S. Mankin, Alexander R. Gottlieb, Christopher W. Callahan
Dartmouth Climate Modeling & Impacts Group
This study uses peer-reviewed climate damage attribution methods to estimate that climate damages to the U.S. economy caused by the U.S. transportation sector totaled $68.0 billion between 1973-2023.Read More →

Analysis: Calculating Near-Term and Long-Term U.S. Damages from U.S. Greenhouse Gas Transportation Sector Emissions

September 2025
Rick Duke
This analysis projects the climate damages that would result from the transportation sector's greenhouse gas emissions, if unabated, to be at least $12.2 billion from 2025-2035 and $96.4 billion from 2025-2050, and likely much more.Read More →

Analysis: Calculating Near-Term U.S. Damages from U.S. Greenhouse Gas Power Sector Emissions from 2025-2035

August 2025
Rick Duke
This analysis projects the climate damages that would result from the power sector's greenhouse gas emissions from 2025-2035, if unabated, to be at least $11.1 billion, and likely much more.Read More →

Heavy Rain in July 2025 Texas Floods Locally Intensified by Human-Driven Climate Change

July 2025
Davide Faranda, Mireia Ginesta, Tommaso Alberti
ClimaMeter
This study determines that the extreme Texas floods were associated with exceptional meteorological conditions, which cannot be explained by natural variability.Read More →

Climate Damages to the U.S. Economy from U.S. Power Sector Emissions

June 2025
Justin S. Mankin, Alexander R. Gottlieb, Christopher W. Callahan
Dartmouth Climate Modeling & Impacts Group
This study uses peer-reviewed climate damage attribution methods to estimate that climate damages to the U.S. economy caused by the U.S. power sector totaled $78 billion between 1973-2023.Read More →

Heat Action Day Report: Climate Change and the Escalation of Global Extreme Heat

May 2025
Otto Giguere et al.
Worldwide Weather Attribution
This study finds that, over the past 12 months, 4 billion people experienced at least 30 extra days with extreme heat and climate change made extreme heat days at least twice as likely.Read More →

Climate change, El Niño and infrastructure failures behind massive floods in southern Brazil

June 2024
Ben Clarke, Clair Barnes, Regina Rodrigues, Mariam Zachariah, Lincoln Muniz Alves, Rein Haarsma, Izidine Pinto, Wenchang Yang, Maja Vahlberg, Gabriel Vecchi, Karina Izquierdo, Joyce Kimutai, Friederike E. L Otto
World Weather Attribution
This real-time event study uses peer-reviewed climate models to investigate the combined impact of climate change and the El Niño Southern Oscillation that led to extensive flooding in Brazil in late April and early May 2024.Read More →

Autumn and Winter storms over UK and Ireland are becoming wetter due to climate change

May 2024
Sarah F. Kew, Mark McCarthy, Ciara Ryan, Jennifer S.R. Pirret, Ellie Murtagh, Maja Vahlberg, Adwoa Amankona, James O. Pope, Fraser Lott, Oliver Claydon, Barry Coonan, Izidine Pinto, Clair Barnes, Sjoukje Philip
World Weather Attribution
This peer-reviewed event study assesses the extent to which human-induced climate change and the North Atlantic Oscillation influenced the average storm severity over the United Kingdom and Ireland from October 2023 to March 2024.Read More →

Extreme Sahel Heatwave that Hit Highly Vulnerable Population at the End of Ramadan Would Not Have Occurred Without Climate Change

April 2024
Clair Barnes, Friederike E. L. Otto, Ben Clarke, Izidine Pinto, Kiswendsida Guigma, Idrissa S. Savadogo, Boukary Dara, Dazangwende Emmanuel Poan, Gansané Adama, Tangessingnon Bakari Sankara, Guillaume Nakoulma, Souleymane Konate, Maja Vahlberg, Sajanika Sivanu, Roop Singh, Julie Arrighi
Worldwide Weather Attribution
This real-time event attribution study combines climate models with observations of the March/April 2024 heat wave across North Africa and the Sahel to estimate the influence of human-caused climate change.Read More →

Dangerous Humid Heat in Southern West Africa About 4°C Hotter Due to Climate Change

March 2024
Izidine Pinto, Romaric C. Odoulami, Kamoru Abiodun Lawal, Eniola Olaniyan, Wasiu Adeniyi Ibrahim, Kiswendsida Guigma, Maja Vahlberg, Dorothy Heinrich, Carolina Pereira Marghidan, Martha Vogel, Julie Arrighi, Claire Barnes, Friederike E. L. Otto, Sjoukje Philip
Worldwide Weather Attribution
This real-time event attribution study evaluates the degree to which human-induced climate change has influenced the occurrence of high temperatures in West Africa.Read More →

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