Summary/Abstract
This study analyzes historical trends in extreme rainfall and temperature indices to determine whether they can be attributed to anthropogenic climate change or explained by only natural causes. The study used three methodologies to do this: “a) a climate model-based approach, b) a hybrid method that combines models and observations (1979–2019), and c) a climate observations-based method (1983–2016).”
The study concluded that “the model-based method suggests possible detection of the human influence in most temperature extreme indices and in precipitation-related indices in the northern countries. The hybrid method detects human influence in significantly fewer variables, but in many cases, consistently with those of the model-based approach. Both the hybrid and observation-based methods exhibit similar noise variability to the model-based method.”